(2 entries)
JLPT:N1
Frequency:
1

A conjunction/particle meaning 'and', 'besides', or 'moreover', used to list or add reasons/facts (not limited to two items).

ParticleConjunction

Examples

この店は安いし、味もいいからよく行く。

This shop is cheap and the food tastes good, so I go there often.

彼は頭がいいし、運動もできる。

He's smart, and he can do sports too.

雨だし、中止にしましょう。

It's raining, and besides, let's cancel.

高いし買わないつもりだ。

It's expensive, so I don't intend to buy it.

2

Used as 'because' or 'since' to state one of several reasons; often introduces a reason for the main clause.

ParticleConjunction

Examples

今日は疲れているし、早く帰るよ。

I'm tired today, so I'll go home early.

忙しいし、手伝えなくてごめん。

Sorry I can't help; I'm busy.

天気が悪いし、行かないことにした。

Since the weather is bad, I decided not to go.

3

Used sentence-finally to imply a reason or excuse (e.g. '..., and (so)...'), leaving the conclusion unstated or implied.

ParticleConjunction

Examples

明日は休みだし、ゆっくりしよう。

Tomorrow's a day off, so let's take it easy.

彼は来ないよ。忙しいし、連絡もない。

He won't come. He's busy, and he hasn't contacted me.

行きたくない。寒いし、人が多いし。

I don't want to go. It's cold, and there will be lots of people.