literally, cutting something in two with a single stroke; figuratively, severing decisively
剣豪が古い巻物を一刀両断したという伝説がある。
There is a legend that a sword master cut an old scroll in two with a single stroke.
問題を一刀両断に処理するため、会議では議論を早く切り上げた。
To deal with the issue decisively, the meeting cut the discussion short.
taking decisive action; dealing with something firmly and conclusively (idiomatic four-character compound)
上司は余計な説明をせず一刀両断に結論を出した。
The boss issued a decisive conclusion without unnecessary explanation.
その議長は問題点を一刀両断に整理してくれた。
The chairperson neatly and decisively sorted out the issues.
彼女の一刀両断の決断が会社を救った。
Her decisive decision saved the company.