(4 entries)
なか
JLPT:N5
Frequency:
1

The inside or interior of something; the inner space not visible from the outside.

Noun

Examples

箱の中に本が三冊入っている。

There are three books inside the box.

部屋の中は思ったより静かだった。

The inside of the room was quieter than I expected.

カバンの中を探したが、鍵は見つからなかった。

I searched inside my bag, but I couldn't find the keys.

2

Among or within a group or range (often used as '〜の中で').

NounAdverb

Examples

学生の中で彼が一番背が高い。

He is the tallest among the students.

この地域の中では、ここが一番安全だと言われている。

Within this area, this place is said to be the safest.

仲間の中で意見を言うのは難しかった。

It was hard to speak up among my peers.

3

The middle or center position; being at the central point of some area or object.

Noun

Examples

町の中を川が流れている。

A river runs through the center of the town.

テーブルの中ほどに花瓶を置いた。

I placed the vase roughly in the middle of the table.

山の中腹に小さな神社がある。

There's a small shrine halfway up the mountain.

4

Indicates during or in the middle of an event or time period (e.g., as a suffix '〜中' or in phrases like '〜の中で').

NounAdverb

Examples

会議中は携帯電話の電源を切ってください。

Please turn off your mobile phone during the meeting.

旅行中に財布をなくして困った。

I had trouble when I lost my wallet during the trip.

授業の最中に大きな音がした。

There was a loud noise in the middle of the class.

5

An interval or gap between two things; a span of time or space between events (a relatively limited usage).

Noun

Examples

授業と授業の中に短い休み時間がある。

There's a short break between classes.

6

Sometimes refers to an average or middle value/state — similar to 'medium' or 'moderate' depending on context.

Noun

Examples

このクラスの成績はだいたい中くらいだ。

The grades in this class are roughly average.

7

Refers to the middle one among three (or more) items, i.e., the middle or second in a sequence.

Noun Taking 'の'Noun

Examples

三巻本の中巻がいちばん面白かった。

The middle volume of the three-volume book was the most interesting.

8

Indicates medium grade or level — e.g., clothing size, doneness of steak, etc. (equivalent to 'medium').

NounNoun Taking 'の'

Examples

ステーキは中でお願いします。

I'd like the steak cooked medium, please.

この服はサイズが小・中・大で売られている。

This clothing is sold in sizes S, M, and L (small, medium, large).

9

Archaic/historical: a term used for red-light districts or licensed pleasure quarters (old usage).

NounArchaic

Examples

江戸時代の古文書に、この町の中(なか)と呼ばれる場所の記述がある。

There are descriptions in Edo-period documents of a place in town called the 'naka' (red-light district).

Word Relationships

Antonym