Coming out or going out; especially the rising of the sun or moon (as in 'sunrise'), or general outward movement.
早起きして日の出を見に行った。
I got up early and went to see the sunrise.
川の出が増えて氾濫の心配がある。
The outflow of the river has increased and there is concern about flooding.
Attendance or appearance; showing up for work, appearing on stage, or one's turn to go on (as in 出番).
今日は私の出番だから、早く準備しておいてください。
Today it's my turn, so please get ready early.
体調が悪くても、出勤（出）が必要な日もある。
Even if you're not feeling well, there are days when you still have to go to work (attend).
A start or beginning; the outset of something.
会議の出だしは議長のあいさつから始まった。
The meeting began with the chairman's greeting.
小説の出だしで興味を引かれた。
I was hooked by the opening of the novel.
Origins or background; used to indicate someone or something originating from a place, institution, or lineage.
彼は東京出（の人）で、地元のことに詳しい。
He is from Tokyo and knows a lot about the local area.
大学出の友人が何人かいる。
I have some friends who graduated from the same university.
An architectural member that projects outward; a projecting element in building construction.
古い家の軒の出が深く、雨が入りにくい設計だ。
The eaves of the old house project deeply, making it hard for rain to get in.
In nautical terminology, the highest point of the stern of a ship.
古い帆船の図面で、船尾の出が詳しく示されている。
In the plans of an old sailing ship, the stern's highest point is shown in detail.
A suffix-like use indicating the amount/degree or whether there is room/effort for something, often used after the stem of a verb as in '〜出がある／ない'.
この仕事は慣れれば手間の出が少なくなる。
Once you get used to this job, the extra effort required becomes small.
資料作成は急げば出が荒くなることがあるので注意が必要だ。
If you rush preparing materials, the quality/amount may suffer, so be careful.