To cough; to have a cough (an expression describing that one is coughing).
朝からずっと咳が出るので、今日は医者に行こうと思います。
I've been coughing since this morning, so I think I'll go to the doctor today.
会議中に急に咳が出てしまって、少し困った。
I suddenly started coughing during the meeting, which was a bit embarrassing.
寒さで喉が痛くなって、夜中に咳が出ることが増えた。
Cold weather made my throat sore, and I started coughing more at night.