The process of becoming more specialized in a particular field, or the trend of work/study being divided and concentrated into specific areas.
技術の進歩によって職業の専門化が進んでいる。
Occupational specialization is progressing due to technological advances.
大学では早めに専門化するか幅広く学ぶか選ぶ必要がある。
At university, you need to choose early whether to specialize or to study broadly.
企業は効率化のために部門の専門化を図った。
The company promoted departmental specialization to improve efficiency.