Vertical and horizontal: the two perpendicular directions (height and width). Used for spatial descriptions and often metaphorically.
この図は縦と横の比率が同じになるように調整してある。
This diagram has been adjusted so that the vertical and horizontal ratios are the same.
部屋のレイアウトを決めるときは、縦と横のスペースを測っておこう。
When deciding the room layout, measure the vertical and horizontal spaces.
資料を縦と横に並べて比較すると違いが分かりやすい。
If you arrange the materials vertically and horizontally for comparison, it's easier to see the differences.
Warp and weft (warp and woof): the threads running vertically (warp) and horizontally (weft) in weaving. Used literally in textiles and metaphorically for structural elements.
伝統的な布は、縦と横の糸の密度で模様が決まる。
Traditional cloth patterns are determined by the densities of the warp and weft threads.
この詩は町の縦と横、つまり階級構造と日常生活の対比を描いている。
This poem depicts the town's 'vertical and horizontal' — in other words, a contrast between class structure and everyday life.
図面ではタテとヨコ（縦と横）で布目を指定してください。
On the drawing, please specify the grain direction as vertical and horizontal.