The act or state of passing through something from one side to the other; penetrating or piercing (e.g., a tunnel through a mountain or a bullet through a plate).
新しい道路は山を貫通する長いトンネルを使っている。
The new road uses a long tunnel that goes through the mountain.
矢が鎧を貫通してしまった。
The arrow pierced right through the armor.
高電圧は絶縁体を貫通してしまうことがある。
High voltage can sometimes penetrate insulation.
Archaic: being thoroughly versed or well acquainted with something. This sense is rare in modern Japanese.
彼は学問に貫通していると言われた(古い表現)。
He was said to be well versed in scholarship (archaic expression).