The industry involved in extracting and processing ores and minerals from the earth; mining industry.
その地域は昔から鉱業が盛んだ。
The region has long had a thriving mining industry.
鉱業の衰退で町の経済が厳しくなった。
The decline of mining made the town's economy difficult.
鉱業と環境保護の両立が課題だ。
Balancing mining and environmental protection is an issue.