Difficulty; trouble; hardship — something that is not easy, an obstacle or problem.
準備不足で難があったが、何とか乗り切った。
There were difficulties due to lack of preparation, but we managed to get through them.
彼は難なくその試験を合格した。
He passed that exam without difficulty.
Accident; disaster; danger — used to refer to misfortune or calamity (somewhat literary/archaic).
旅の途中で難に遭い、予定が大きく狂った。
We met with misfortune during the trip and our plans were greatly disrupted.
難を逃れるために避難所へ向かった。
They headed to a shelter to escape the disaster.
Fault; defect; flaw — an undesirable aspect of something (often used in expressions like '難がある').
この計画にはいくつか難があるので、再検討が必要だ。
This plan has several flaws, so it needs to be reconsidered.
彼の主張には論理的な難があると指摘された。
It was pointed out that his argument had logical flaws.
Criticism; charge; blame — to criticize or to assign fault (somewhat literary).
問題が起きると、真っ先に彼に難が向けられた。
When the problem occurred, blame was immediately directed at him.
その決定は批判・難を招いた。
That decision invited criticism and blame.