To be obsessive or overly concerned about something; to fuss or be hung up on details (often with a negative nuance).
彼は過去の失敗にいつまでもこだわって前に進めない。
He keeps dwelling on past mistakes and can't move forward.
そんな細かい数字にこだわる必要はないよ。
There's no need to fuss over such small numbers.
彼女は見た目にこだわりすぎて疲れている。
She is overly concerned with appearance and is exhausted.
To be particular about something; to pay special attention to quality or details (positive nuance — e.g., craftsmen or enthusiasts).
この店は素材の鮮度にこだわっている。
This shop is particular about the freshness of its ingredients.
彼は音質にこだわるオーディオ好きだ。
He's an audio enthusiast who cares a lot about sound quality.
デザインにこだわった家具が売れている。
Furniture with carefully considered design is selling well.
Archaic: to get stuck or become obstructed (an older usage not common in modern speech).
古い戸がこだわって開かなかった。（※古い用法）
The old door was stuck and wouldn't open. (archaic usage)