To pass or overtake (a car, person, etc.); to go ahead of by passing.
高速で前のトラックを追い抜いた。
I overtook the truck in front at high speed.
左から追い抜くのは危ないのでやめてください。
Don't pass on the left; it's dangerous.
ラストスパートで何台も追い抜いた。
I passed several competitors in the final sprint.
To surpass or outstrip someone in ability, results, or numbers; to get ahead of.
彼は同期の成績を追い抜いてしまった。
He ended up surpassing his peers' results.
今年は売上が過去最高を追い抜いた。
This year's sales have exceeded the previous record.